The history of Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) began with its official establishment on September 11, 1945, by figures who previously actively operated several Japanese radio stations in 6 cities. Meeting of delegates from 6 radio stations at Adang Kadarusman's house, Jalan Menteng Dalam, Jakarta. So that resulted in the decision to establish Radio Republik Indonesia by choosing dr. Abdulrahman Saleh as the first general leader of RRI.
The beginning
The first radio broadcast in Indonesia (at that time it was called Nederlands Indie - Dutch East Indies), was Bataviase Radio Vereniging (BRV) in Batavia (formerly Jakarta Tempo), which was officially established on June 16, 1925, so five years after in the United States, three years after in England and the Soviet Union.
Radio stations in Indonesia during the Dutch colonial era used to have private status. Because since the existence of the BRV earlier, other radio broadcasting bodies have emerged: Nederlandsch Indische Radio Omroep Masstchapyj (NIROM) in Jakarta, Bandung and Medan, Solossche Radio Vereniging (SRV) in Solo, Mataramse Vereniging Voor Radio Omroep (MAVRO) in Yogjakarta, Vereniging Oosterse Radio Luisteraars (VORO) in Bandung, Vereniging Voor Oosterse Radio Omroep (VORO) in Surakarta, Chinese en Inheemse Radio Luisteraars Vereniging Oost Java (CIRVO) in Surabaya, Eerste Madiunse Radio Omroep (EMRO) in Madiun and Radio Semarang in Semarang.
In Medan, apart from NIROM, there is also the private Meyers Omroep Voor Allen (MOVA) radio, operated by Mr. Meyers, and Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep Medan (AVROM). Among the many broadcast radio agencies, NIROM is the largest and most comprehensive, because it received full support from the Dutch East Indies government.
NIROM's rapid development was also due to its large financial benefits, namely from the "radio tax". The more radios among the people, the more money NIROM receives. Thus, NIROM can increase its transmit power, set up relay stations, establish special telephone lines with big cities, etc.
At that time there were special telephone lines between Batavia, Bogor, Sukabumi, Bandung, Cirebon, Tegal, Pekalongan, Semarang, Solo, Yogyakarta, Magelang, Surabaya, Tangerang, Depok, Bekasi, Malang, which totaled approximately 1.2 million meters of telephone lines. phone to modulate the transmitters in those cities. Thus NIROM can hold central broadcasts from Semarang, Bandung, Surabaya, Yogyakarta, or Solo.
This is very different from other radio broadcasting bodies which are in the form of private associations, especially those operated by indigenous peoples, who live off members' contributions.
The emergence of associations of radio stations among the Indonesian people was due to the fact that NIROM did receive assistance from the Dutch East Indies government; it was more of a company seeking financial gain and helping the establishment of colonialism in the Dutch East Indies. At that time the Dutch colonial government was facing a national spirit among the native population which had flared up since 1908, especially after 1928.
Solosche Radio Vereniging (SRV), which was established on April 1, 1933, was the pioneer for the emergence of business broadcast radio for the Indonesian nation.
Since 1933, the establishment of other radio broadcasting agencies, the efforts of the Indonesian nation in various big cities as mentioned above, and the establishment of SRV, MARVO, VORL, CIRVO, EMRO, and Radio Semarang were initially assisted by NIROM, because NIROM received material broadcasts that are eastern in nature from the various associations earlier. But then it turned out that NIROM was worried that the eastern radio associations were dangerous for him.
In 1936 news emerged that starting in 1937 "Eastern Broadcasting would be entirely controlled by NIROM itself". This meant that starting in 1937 the subsidy from NIROM would be removed, at least reduced, because NIROM would no longer relay native-owned radio broadcasts, at least if they were forced to relay very little. As is known, the NIROM subsidy was originally given based on relay-hour calculations.
The news caused quite a stir among radio people outside NIROM because the removal of the subsidy would weaken the radio broadcasting bodies in question. Indeed, it was NIROM's intention, which relied on the colonial power, to kill eastern radio broadcasting associations.
On March 29, 1937, thanks to the efforts of members of the Volksraad M.Sutarjo Kartokusumo and an engineer named Ir. Sarsito Mangunkusumo, a meeting was held between eastern radio representatives located in Bandung. The representatives who sent their delegates were: VORO (Jakarta), VORL (Bandung), MAVRO (Yogyakarta), SRV (Solo), and CIRCO (Surabaya), the meeting that day gave birth to a new body called: THE EAST EAST RADIO ASSOCIATION (PPRK) as its chairman: Sutarjo Kartohadikusumo.
PPRK's non-commercial aim is "Social-cultural" solely to promote national art and culture for the advancement of Indonesian society, spiritually and physically.
On May 7, 1937, because of PPRK's efforts, a meeting was held with government officials to discuss the relationship between PPRK and NIROM. The meeting resulted in a mutual agreement that PPRK would organize eastern broadcasts, and NIROM would organize the technical aspects.
Since then PPRK has been trying hard so that PPRK can carry out it completely on its own without the help of NIROM.
As is known, on September 1, 1939, Germany under the leadership of Adolf Hitler invaded Poland which caused World War II, and then in 1940, Germany occupied Denmark, Norway, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
On November 1, 1940, the goal of PPRK was achieved, namely to hold the first broadcast from PPRK.
Sumber : http://id.wikipedia.org/
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